Sher Mandal, Delhi

About Sher Mandal

Sher Mandal is a 16th-century octagonal pavilion located within the Purana Qila complex at Pragati Maidan, New Delhi. It was originally built during the reign of Sher Shah Suri (c. 1540–1545) and later completed and used by Mughal emperor Humayun. As one of Delhi’s oldest surviving palaces, it draws scholars, history enthusiasts, and tourists interested in early Indo-Islamic architecture. The tower is made mainly of red sandstone and marble and stands prominently within the Purana Qila grounds, which cover about 30 hectares. Its design reflects the Afghan-Mughal architectural style, showcasing the evolving architectural influences of the period.

Architecture of Sher Mandal

Sher Mandal is a fine example of Indo-Afghan architecture, reflecting the Sur dynasty’s simple yet elegant design. Built under Sher Shah Suri in the early 1540s, the octagonal structure stands on a raised platform and is made mainly of rubble masonry with red sandstone plaster. The two-storey building has arched doorways and windows, allowing natural light and air while also serving defensive purposes. During the Mughal period, Humayun used the pavilion as a library and reportedly met his tragic death there in 1556. Its thick walls and vaulted interiors show an early example of a building combining residential and scholarly spaces, demonstrating both practicality and architectural skill of the period.

• Main octagonal tower
• Raised plinth platform
• Vaulted interior rooms
• Arched doors and windows
• Terraced rooftop
• Surrounding courtyard within Purana Qila

Interesting facts about Sher Mandal

• The Sher Mandal symbolizes the contribution to architecture, education and intellectual pursuits during the early rule of the Mughal dynasty in India.
• Inside are the remains of decorative plaster-work and traces of stone-shelving where, possibly, the emperor's books were kept.
• Contrasting red sandstone with white marble inlays showcases early Mughal decorative restraint.
• It is a beautiful looking two storied and octagonal building with an Islamic dome on top. Its original work highlights Humayun's interest in astronomy and scholarly pursuits.
• Artifacts and excavation at Purana Qila indicate much older cultural layers beneath Sher Mandal’s site.
• Humayun’s reputed use of the upper chamber for astronomical observation reflects early Mughal scientific interests.

How to reach Sher Mandal