Shaniwar Wada Palace, Pune

Shaniwar Wada is the historic former palace-fort of the Peshwas in Pune, constructed under Peshwa Baji Rao I beginning in 1730 and completed in 1732. It served as the political and administrative centre of the Maratha Confederacy until the British East India Company assumed control in 1818. The place has played an important role in Maratha culture and politics of the region, and even today it is a prominent tourist landmark in Shaniwar Peth, attracting connoisseurs and visitors. The original complex once spanned approximately 625 acres, enclosed by fortified stone walls. Its defining elements blend Maratha imperial architecture with elaborate wooden detailing and grand gateways.

Shaniwar Wada exemplifies the Maratha Imperial architectural style, synthesizing influences from Hindu, Mughal and regional Deccan traditions. Commissioned by Peshwa Baji Rao I (1730–1732) during the zenith of Peshwa power, it was further expanded under successive Peshwas including Balaji Baji Rao. The fort complex had strong stone and brick walls, teak wood superstructures and intricate carvings. The use of locally sourced teak, limestone, basalt, and brick highlights traditional construction techniques of the 18th century. The site’s design prioritised both defence and ceremonial functions, with massive bastions, ornate gateways and advanced hydraulic features such as ornamental fountains. After a devastating fire in 1828, only the stone plinths, fort walls, and select gateways remain for interpretation and preservation.

• Fortified perimeter walls with five grand gates
• Delhi Darwaza (main entrance)
• Ganesh, Mastani, Khidki and Narayan Darwazas
• Nagarkhana (drum house above gateway)
• Foundations of Rang Mahal, Diwan Khana, Aarsa Mahal
• Gardens and Hazari Karanje fountain
• Nine bastion towers